第二国际和帝国主义理论根据历史学家理查德·克布纳和赫尔穆特·达恩·施米特的说法,“帝国主义”一词是19世纪下半叶开始与“波拿巴主义”一词一起被用来说明路易·波拿巴的第二帝国维持其对法国统治的各种形式。马克思在其著作《路易·波拿巴的雾月十八日》一书中也使用了“帝国主义”一词来阐明法国的政治体制。不过,这个词与它的现代意义并不相关,它在马克思和恩格斯的著作中没有得到明确的发展。在社会主义学者中,厄内斯特·贝尔 Second International and Imperialist Theories According to the historians Richard Koubner and Helmut Dorn Schmitt, the term “imperialism” began in the second half of the 19th century with the words The phrase “Bonapartism” was used to illustrate the second empire of Louis Bonaparte to maintain its various forms of French rule. In his book “Louis Bonaparte’s Foggy Month on the 18th”, Marx also used the term “imperialism” to clarify France’s political system. However, the word is irrelevant to its modern significance, and it has not been clearly developed in the writings of Marx and Engels. Among socialist scholars, Ernest Bell