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为深入掌握舰船水下标量电位分布特征,以其基本模拟体——电偶极子为对象,着重对海洋环境电导率分布、源强度、测量深度、界面等因素对水平直流电偶极子所产生的水下标量电位的影响进行数值仿真分析和实验室测量研究。通过对比分析,表明:海洋环境电导率不影响水下标量电位的区域分布特征,但影响标量电位大小,海水电导率越小,标量电位的值越大,但并不是简单的反比关系;不同测量深度平面上标量电位的大小及其区域分布特征均有变化,场源深度差越小,标量电位越大,同时峰值点位置相对源点的水平偏离越小;标量电位的大小与电偶极子的偶极矩成正比;界面对标量电位的影响不可忽略,空气-海水界面的存在增强了水下标量电位。研究结果可为舰船水下电磁场的推演和预报、舰船结构的电磁隐身设计、水中兵器电磁引信设计提供参考。
In order to get a deeper understanding of the underwater scalar potential distribution characteristics of the ship, with its basic analogue-dipole as an object, this paper focuses on the effects of the conductivity, the source intensity, the measurement depth and the interface of the marine environment on the horizontal DC dipole The resulting underwater scalar potential effects of numerical simulation and laboratory measurement studies. The comparative analysis shows that the conductivity of the marine environment does not affect the regional distribution characteristics of underwater scalar potential but affects the scalar potential size. The smaller the conductivity of seawater is, the larger the scalar potential value is, but it is not a simple inverse relationship. Different measurements The size of the scalar potential and its distribution in the depth plane all have changes. The smaller the field depth difference is, the larger the scalar potential is and the smaller the horizontal deviation from the source point is. The magnitude of the scalar potential is similar to that of the electric dipole Of the dipole moment is proportional to the interface of the scalar potential can not be ignored, the presence of air-sea interface enhances the underwater scalar potential. The results of this study can provide references for deducing and forecasting underwater electromagnetic field of ships, electromagnetic stealth design of naval structures, and design of electromagnetic weapons for underwater weapons.