目的:探讨门静脉高压症患者食管旁静脉的CT检查解剖特征及临床意义。方法:采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2018年1月至2021年6月宁夏回族自治区人民医院收治的173例门静脉高压症患者的临床资料；男124例，女49例；中位年龄为47岁，年龄范围为22~71岁。观察指标：（1）术前CT检查情况。（2）手术情况。（3）随访情况。采用门诊随访，术后6个月内，每3个月随访1次，之后每6个月随访1次，了解患者手术疗效。随访时间截至2021年6月。偏态分布的计数资料以n M（范围）表示。计数资料以绝对数表示。n 结果:（1）术前CT检查情况：门静脉高压症患者食管旁静脉CT检查显示率为52.60%（91/173）。173例患者中，82例未显示食管旁静脉，91例显示存在食管旁静脉。91例显示存在食管旁静脉的患者中，食管旁静脉曲张46例，粗食管旁静脉24例，细食管旁静脉21例。91例显示存在食管旁静脉的患者中，无食管静脉曲张（EV）8例，合并EV 83例。83例合并EV患者中，食管旁静脉单独汇入奇静脉或半奇静脉44例，膈肌上形成食管旁静脉曲张并与EV 汇合后共同汇入奇静脉39例。（2）手术情况：173例患者顺利完成手术，其中单纯脾切除术8例，脾切除联合改良彻底断流术86例，脾切除联合重建自发性胃肾分流断流术35例，脾切除联合保留食管旁静脉断流术41例，脾切除联合食管旁静脉环缩术3例。173例患者无手术死亡，67例发生并发症（3例单纯脾切除术、29例脾切除联合改良彻底断流术、11例脾切除联合重建自发性胃肾分流断流术、23例脾切除联合保留食管旁静脉断流术、1例脾切除联合食管旁静脉环缩术）。（3）随访情况：173例患者中，159例获得随访，随访时间为6~42个月，中位随访时间为28个月。7例单纯脾切除术获得随访患者中，无EV 6例，EV复发1例。79例脾切除联合改良彻底断流术获得随访患者中，无EV 5例，EV轻、中度残留67例，EV重度残留5例，EV复发1例，EV复发破裂出血1例。34例脾切除联合重建自发性胃肾分流断流术获得随访患者中，无EV 7例，EV轻、中度残留27例。36例脾切除联合保留食管旁静脉断流术患者中，无EV 4例，EV轻、中度残留21例，EV重度残留5例，EV 复发4例，EV复发破裂出血2例。3例脾切除联合食管旁静脉环缩术获得随访患者中，EV轻、中度残留2例，EV重度残留1例。结论:门静脉高压症患者食管旁静脉CT检查显示率>50%，血管内径及走行方式不同；食管旁静脉的CT检查解剖特征可以为制订手术方式提供参考。“,”Objective:To investigate the computed tomography (CT) examination anato-mical features and clinical significance of paraesophageal vein (PEV) in portal hypertension.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 173 patients with portal hypertension who were admitted to the People\'s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from January 2018 to June 2021 were collected. There were 124 males and 49 females, aged from 22 to 71 years, with a median age of 47 years. Observation indicators: (1) preoperative CT examinations; (2) surgical situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination to detect surgical effects once every 3 months within postoperative 6 months and once every 6 months after postoperative 6 months. The follow-up was up to June 2021. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as n M(range) and count data were described as absolute numbers.n Results:(1) Preoperative CT examinations. The CT detection rate of PEV in the 173 portal hyper-tension patients was 52.60%(91/173). Of 173 patients, 82 cases were negative with PEV and 91 cases were positive with PEV. Of the 91 patients who were positive with PEV, there were 46 cases with paraesophageal varices, 24 cases with thick PEV, 21 cases with thin PEV, 8 cases without esophageal varices and 83 cases accompanied with esophageal varices. Of the 83 patients who were accom-panied with esophageal varices, there were 44 cases with PEV converged alone with azygos vein or semiazygos vein, 39 cases with paraesophageal varices formed above the diaphragm confluent with esophageal varices into azygos vein. (2) Surgical situations. All the 173 patients underwent surgery successfully, including 8 cases undergoing splenectomy, 86 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with modified complete devascularization, 35 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with spontaneous gastrorenal shunt reconstructing devascularization, 41 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with PEV preserving devascularization and 3 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with PEV ring constriction. None of 173 patients had surgical relative death, 67 cases had complica-tions, including 3 cases undergoing splenectomy, 29 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with modified complete devascularization, 11 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with spontaneous gastrorenal shunt reconstructing devascularization, 23 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with PEV preserving devascularization and 1 case undergoing splenectomy combined with PEV ring constriction underwent complications. (3) Follow-up. Of the 173 patients, 159 cases were followed up for 6 to 42 months, with a median follow-up time of 28 months. In the 7 cases undergoing splenectomy who were followed up, there were 6 cases without esophageal varices and 1 case with recurrence of esophageal varices. In the 79 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with modified complete devascularization who were followed up, there were 5 cases without esophageal varices, 67 cases with mild to moderate residual of esophageal varices, 5 cases with severe residual of esophageal varices, 1 case with recurrence of esophageal varices and 1 case with recurrence of esophageal varices hemorrhage. In the 34 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with sponta-neous gastrorenal shunt reconstructing devascularization who were followed up, there were 7 cases without esophageal varices and 27 cases with mild to moderate residual of esophageal varices. In the 36 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with PEV preserving devascularization who were followed up, there were 4 cases without esophageal varices, 21 cases with mild to moderate residual of esophageal varices, 5 cases with severe residual of esophageal varices, 4 cases with recurrence of esophageal varices and 2 cases with recurrence of esophageal varices hemorrhage. In the 3 cases undergoing splenectomy combined with PEV ring constriction who were followed up, there were 2 cases with mild to moderate residual of esophageal varices, 1 case with severe residual of esophageal varices.Conclusions:The CT detection rate of PEV in portal hypertension patients is >50% and the internal diameter and distribution of blood vessels are different in patients. CT examination anatomical features of PEV can be used to guide the formula-tion of surgical methods.