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目的分析和评价甲型H1N1流感(“甲流”)学校疫情流行特征及控制措施效果,为应急处理提供依据。方法对2009年福州市晋安区甲流学校聚集性暴发疫情控制措施进行分析评价。结果共报告学校甲流疫情33起,流感样病例1 242例,平均罹患率2.9%。聚集性暴发疫情在学校罹患率<1%时采取干预措施效果较好;适时班级停课较全校停课效果好。追踪确诊病例密切接触者3 858人,仅1.7%医学观察期间发病。流行后期翌年1月甲型H1N1流感病毒抗体检测,未接种组血清阳性率达76.9%(40/52)。结论在甲流社区广泛传播时,对学校聚集性暴发疫情需采取隔离病例、适时停课、做好健康监测和管理、落实晨检制度、开窗通风等综合措施,是控制疫情的关键。
Objective To analyze and evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and control measures of Influenza A (H1N1) in schools and provide the basis for emergency treatment. Methods To analyze and evaluate the control measures of the outbreak of the outbreak of the first-rate schools in Jia’an district of Fuzhou in 2009. Results A total of 33 influenza A cases were reported in schools, and 1,242 were influenza-like cases, with an average attack rate of 2.9%. Clustered outbreaks in the school attack rate <1% of interventions when the effect is better; timely class suspension class suspension effect better than the whole school. Tracing 3,858 people in close contact with confirmed cases, only 1.7% of them were diagnosed during medical observation. Influenza A (H1N1) virus was detected in January of the following year after epidemic. The positive rate of non-vaccinated group was 76.9% (40/52). Conclusion When the A-River community spreads widely, it is necessary to take isolated cases, timely suspension of classes, good health monitoring and management, comprehensive implementation of the morning inspection system and window ventilation in order to control the outbreak of school-induced outbreaks. It is the key to control the epidemic.