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研究铍对A380铝合金显微组织、硬度和拉伸性能的影响。采用传统的铁模铸造制备含铍和不含铍的A380合金。采用扫描电镜和光学显微镜研究合金的显微组织,采用拉伸试验和硬度测试研究合金的力学性能。研究样品的断口形貌,揭示添加铍对断裂机制的影响。结果表明,板状β中间相转变为相对无害的汉字状Be-Fe相,共晶Si相由片状相变为细小相。拉伸强度和伸长率分别从207 MPa和3.7%增加至295 MPa和4.7%。此外,随着铍含量的增加,A380合金的硬度减小。不含铍的A380合金拉伸样品表现为脆性断裂,而含铍合金具有细小韧窝和少量脆性断面。此外,由于添加铍细化了析出相,合金的硬度降低。
The effect of beryllium on the microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of A380 aluminum alloy was studied. The A380 alloy containing beryllium and beryllium is prepared by conventional iron casting. The microstructure of the alloy was studied by SEM and optical microscope. The tensile test and hardness test were used to study the mechanical properties of the alloy. The fracture morphology of the samples was investigated to reveal the effect of beryllium on the fracture mechanism. The results show that the plate-like β mesophase transforms to a relatively harmless Chinese-character Be-Fe phase, and the eutectic Si phase changes from sheet-like phase to fine phase. Tensile strength and elongation increased from 207 MPa and 3.7% to 295 MPa and 4.7% respectively. In addition, the hardness of the A380 alloy decreases as the beryllium content increases. A380 alloy without beryllium tensile samples showed brittle fracture, and beryllium alloy with a small dimple and a small amount of brittle fracture. In addition, the hardness of the alloy decreases due to the addition of beryllium to refine the precipitated phase.