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目的探讨小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)的误诊原因和诊断要点。方法回顾性分析115例CVA患儿的临床资料,总结其临床特点、误诊原因及其按支气管哮喘规范治疗的效果。结果 115例CVA误诊时间为6周～15个月;误诊为支气管炎45例,上呼吸道感染27例,咽炎22例,扁桃体炎13例,支原体肺炎5例,百日咳、原发性肺结核、支气管异物各1例。按支气管哮喘规范治疗1～8周咳嗽停止。结论 CVA临床表现不典型,对慢性咳嗽患儿应详细了解病史及掌握其诊断要点,避免误诊或漏诊。
Objective To investigate the causes and diagnosis points of misdiagnosis of children with cough variant asthma (CVA). Methods The clinical data of 115 children with CVA were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, the causes of misdiagnosis and the effect of standard treatment according to bronchial asthma were summarized. Results 115 cases of CVA misdiagnosis time was 6 weeks to 15 months; misdiagnosed as bronchitis in 45 cases, upper respiratory tract infection in 27 cases, pharyngitis in 22 cases, tonsillitis in 13 cases, mycoplasma pneumonia in 5 cases, whooping cough, primary pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchial foreign body One case each. According to the standard bronchial asthma treatment 1 to 8 weeks to stop coughing. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of CVA are not typical. Children with chronic cough should learn more about their medical history and master the diagnostic points to avoid misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.