呼吸道烧灼伤和吸入损伤是指严重灼伤者,由于吸入烟火引起的高温气雾及各种不完全燃烧产物,如 SO_2,NO_2、HCl、氰化物及碳氢化合物等的毒性刺激因子引起的呼吸道损害。亦有称肺烧伤、吸入损伤、烟雾吸入伤和烧伤-肺综合征等。以往报道其发生率为2.9～11%,但随着诊断方法的改进,实际发病率相当高,为32～38%。此外尚遇到许多与呼吸道有关的问题,如呼吸道感染,肺水肿,肺不张,肺栓塞及气胸等。呼吸道损伤引起灼伤患者的死亡率达30～42%。而在灼 Respiratory burns and inhalation injuries are severe burns caused by inhalation of pyrotechnic high temperature aerosol and various incomplete combustion products, such as SO2, NO2, HCl, cyanide and hydrocarbons and other toxic stimulus-induced respiratory tract damage . Also known as lung burns, inhalation injury, smoke inhalation injury and burn - lung syndrome. The incidence was reported in the past 2.9 to 11%, but with the improvement of diagnostic methods, the actual incidence is very high, 32 to 38%. In addition, many respiratory-related problems such as respiratory infections, pulmonary edema, atelectasis, pulmonary embolism and pneumothorax are still encountered. Respiratory tract injury caused by burns patients mortality rate of 30 ~ 42%. And burning