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临床上未转移的早期肾癌一旦确诊,肾切除术是一种有效的外科治疗方法,根治性肾切除术则更可提高生存率,若肿瘤已穿破肾包膜累及肾上腺时,则需切除同侧肾上腺。有些肾癌在未表现局部症状前,已转移至身体各个器官。则外科治疗就有一定困难。Skinner报导自本病确诊时有转移者占25～30%。转移常先累及肾静脉,然后至下腔静脉,此约占4～6%。肾静脉或腔静脉已有癌栓者的诊断和手术治疗常较复杂,目前已引起人们的注意。静脉肾盂造影、肾断层造影、动脉造影等对诊断肾静脉和下腔静脉有无癌栓作用不大,只有通过腔静脉造影检查才
Once clinically undiagnosed early stage renal cancer is diagnosed, nephrectomy is an effective surgical treatment. Radical nephrectomy can improve survival rate. If the tumor has penetrated the renal capsule and affects the adrenal gland, it needs to be removed. Ipsilateral adrenal glands. Some kidney cancers have metastasized to various organs of the body before showing symptoms of the disease. Surgical treatment will have certain difficulties. Skinner reported that 25-30% of metastases were diagnosed at the time of diagnosis. Metastasis often involves the renal vein, and then to the inferior vena cava, which accounts for about 4-6%. Renal vein or vena cava has tumor thrombus diagnosis and surgical treatment is often more complicated, has attracted people’s attention. Intravenous pyelography, renal tomography, arteriography, etc. have little effect on the diagnosis of renal vein and inferior vena cava with or without tumor thrombosis, and only through vena cava examination.