To evaluate vital signs and body indices in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)positive and negative persons.A total of 22 centres entered the study.They were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1818 subjects(aged 5-98 years)took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38147 subjects.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13Curea breath test.Data on height,weight,systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were collected at the clinics of general practitioners.The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 30.4%(402/1321)in adults(≥18 year-old)and 5.2%(26/497)in children and adolescents(≤17 year-old).Once adjusted for age and gender,only a difference in body mass index remained statistically significant with H.pylori positive adults showing an increase of 0.6 kg/m2 in body mass index.Once adjusted for age and gender,we found a difference in height between H.pylori positive and H.pylori negative children and adolescents.On further adjustment for place of residence,this difference became statistically significant,with H.pylori positive children and adolescents being on average 3.5 cm shorter.H.pylori positive adults were significantly older compared to H.pylori negative subjects.Once adjusted for age and gender,H.pylori infection had no impact on body weight,body mass index and vital signs either in adults or children and adolescents.Chronic H.pylori infection appeared to be associated with short stature in children.H.pylori infection did not influence blood pressure,body weight and body mass index either in adults or children and adolescents. To evaluate vital signs and body indices in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) positive and negative persons. A total of 22 centers entered the study. They were spread over the whole country, corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population. of 1818 subjects (aged 5-98 years) took part in the study, randomly selected out of 38147 subjectss.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13Curea breath test. Data on height, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were collected at the clinics of general practitioners. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 30.4% (402/1321) in adults (≥18 year-old) and 5.2% (26/497) in children and adolescents (≤17 year-old) .Once adjusted for age and gender, Only a difference in body mass index was significant significant with H.pylori positive adults showing an increase of 0.6 kg / m2 in body mass index. Once adjusted for age and gender, we found a difference in height between H.pylori positive and H.pylo ri negative children and adolescents. Of further adjustment for place of residence, this worse became significant significant, with H. pylori positive children and adolescents being on average 3.5 cm shorter. H. pylori positive adults were significantly older compared to H. pylori negative subjects .Once adjusted for age and gender, H.pylori infection had no impact on body weight, body mass index and vital signs either in adults or children and adolescents. Chronic H. pylori infection appeared to be associated with short stature in children. H. pylori infection did not influence blood pressure, body weight and body mass index either in adults or children and adolescents.