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目的研究42例肺错构瘤的临床特点、诊断要点、病理特点和治疗方案。方法应用回顾性调查的方法对肺内及支气管腔内型错构瘤进行分析。结果经手术病理证实错构瘤42例,男女比例为1.2∶1,中位年龄52岁,60%体检胸部X线检查时发现病灶,左肺:右肺为1.1∶1。胸片及胸部CT中25%有散在斑点状钙化。3例术前诊断为肺错构瘤,其余分别误诊为肺癌、肺结核、肺囊肿等,误诊率93%(39/42)。结论肺错构瘤的术前误诊率很高,根据临床及病理特点和诊断要点并与临床最易误诊的肺癌、肺结核等展开鉴别诊断,有助于进一步提高确诊率和治疗方案的制订。
Objective To study the clinical features, diagnosis points, pathological features and treatment of 42 cases of pulmonary hamartoma. Methods The methods of retrospective investigation were used to analyze intraluminal and bronchial intraluminal hamartomas. Results 42 cases of hamartoma were confirmed by operation and pathology. The ratio of male to female was 1.2:1. The median age was 52 years old. 60% of the patients had chest X-ray examination, and the left lung and right lung were 1.1:1. 25% of chest radiographs and chest CT have scattered speckled calcifications. Three cases were diagnosed as pulmonary hamartoma preoperatively, while others were misdiagnosed as lung cancer, pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary cyst, respectively. The misdiagnosis rate was 93% (39/42). Conclusions The preoperative misdiagnosis rate of pulmonary hamartoma is very high. It is helpful to further improve the diagnosis rate and treatment plan according to the clinical and pathological features and diagnostic points, and differentiate it from the most easily misdiagnosed lung cancer and tuberculosis.