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目的 探讨接触石棉是否会影响工人体内的谷胱甘肽S转移酶 (GST)活性及GSTM1基因型对体内GST活性的影响。方法 选择 94名石棉作业工人及 5 1名对照工人作为研究对象 ,通过问卷调查收集每人的一般情况和职业史等。采集静脉血分离血浆和淋巴细胞 ,血浆用于GST活性测定 ,淋巴细胞用于提取DNA进行GSTM1基因型分析。结果 石棉作业工人血浆中的GST活性 (2 3 0± 6 9)U/L ,明显低于对照组工人的 (32 6± 11 8)U/L ,且随着石棉作业工龄的延长及累积石棉接触剂量的增加 ,工人血浆中的GST活性呈逐渐下降的趋势。用GSTM1基因型对两组工人进行分层后发现 ,携带GSTM1+/ +和GSTM1- / -基因型的石棉作业工人 ,其血浆中的GST活性分别为 (2 4 0±6 1)U/L和 (2 2 5± 7 3)U/L ,均低于同种基因型的对照组工人 ,对照组分别为 (38 1± 13 2 )U/L和(2 6 8± 6 6 )U/L。同时还发现 ,携带GSTM1- / -的对照组工人血浆中的GST活性明显低于携带GSTM1+/ +者 ,而石棉作业工人组虽也有类似趋势 ,但差异无统计学意义。结论 接触石棉可明显降低体内GST的活性。在对照人群中 ,GST活性受GSTM1基因型的影响 ,而在石棉作业工人中 ,这种影响不明显。
Objective To investigate whether exposure to asbestos affects the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in workers and the effect of GSTM1 genotype on GST activity in vivo. Methods A total of 94 asbestos workers and 51 control workers were selected as research objects. The general situation and occupational history of each individual were collected through questionnaires. Venous blood was collected to separate plasma and lymphocytes, plasma was used to measure GST activity, and lymphocytes were used to extract DNA for GSTM1 genotyping. Results The plasma GST activity of asbestos-exposed workers was (23 0 ± 6 9) U / L, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (32 6 ± 11 8) U / L. With the increase of exposure dose, the GST activity in the plasma of workers tends to decrease gradually. Stratification of the two groups of workers using the GSTM1 genotype revealed that GST activity in plasma was (240 ± 6 1) U / L for asbestos workers carrying the GSTM1 + / + and GSTM1- / - genotypes, respectively (2 2 5 ± 7 3) U / L, which were lower than those of the control group of the same genotype (38 1 ± 132 U / L and 2 68 ± 6 6 U / L, respectively) . The GST activity in plasma of workers carrying GSTM1- / - was also significantly lower than those carrying GSTM1 + / +, although there was a similar trend in the asbestos workers group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Exposure to asbestos can significantly reduce the activity of GST in vivo. In control populations, GST activity is affected by the GSTM1 genotype, whereas in asbestos workers this effect is insignificant.