由于明朝官方所修国史失实,私家修史存在比较严重的曲笔、讳饰等现象,因此明中叶以来史学考据应运而生。首开史学考信风气之先的是王世贞,其代表作《史乘考误》是明代首部对当代史史料进行考证的著作。其后焦竑、朱国桢、张燧、朱明镐、谈迁、钱谦益等人在考史方面都取得了不小的成绩,同时也存在着一定的缺失。 Due to the fact that the history of the Ming Dynasty was repaired, the historical records of the private history of the Ming Dynasty were quite different from those of the Ming Dynasty. The first to open the history of the university entrance examination style is Wang Shizhen, whose masterpiece “History by test error” is the Ming Dynasty’s first textual research on contemporary history books. Later, Jiaoguo, Zhu Guozhen, Zhang Sui, Zhu Minghao, Tan Qian, Qian Qian Yi and others in the test history have made no small achievement, but also there is a certain lack.