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急性心衰的病因众多,但其机制不外三种—循环容积减少,心输出量减少和外周血管阻力降低。在某些病例中,补充血容量和应用正性肌力性药物以增多心输出量(CO)就足以纠正其生理紊乱;另一种病例的特征是 CO 减少,左室充盈压(LVFP)及总外周阻力(TPR)均增高,对这种病例宜用血管扩张药治疗。在正常心脏,左心前负荷在左心决定心输出量方面,比后负荷更为重要;但若心力一旦衰竭 CO 就主要决定于血流的阻力。急性
There are many causes of acute heart failure, but none of its mechanisms - the reduction in circulatory volume, the reduction in cardiac output, and the reduction in peripheral vascular resistance. In some cases, blood volume supplementation and the use of inotropic agents to increase cardiac output (CO) are sufficient to correct their physiological disorders; another case is characterized by decreased CO, left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) and Total peripheral resistance (TPR) were increased, suitable for this case of vasodilator treatment. In a normal heart, the left anterior heart load is more important than the postload in determining the cardiac output in the left heart; however, if the heart failure fails, CO is largely determined by the resistance to blood flow. acute