第三世界国家经济发展中,有几个宏观问题是带关键性的。第一个是经济增长(economic growth)和收入分配的均等问题;第二个是投资(investment)和储蓄(saving)的问题;第三是对外贸易问题。这三个问题看来好象是互不相干的,实际上有很密切的联系。经济增长与收入分配在第二次世界大战以后,一些发展中的国家多半是注意如何迅速地增加国民收入,很少注意到收入的分配问题,从而出现了“增长率的竞赛”,看谁能够尽 In the economic development of the third world countries, there are several macroeconomic issues that are crucial. The first is the equality of economic growth and income distribution; the second is the problem of investment and saving; and the third is the issue of foreign trade. These three issues appear to be unrelated and in fact very closely linked. Economic Growth and Income Distribution After World War II, some developing countries mostly focused on how to rapidly increase their national income. They seldom paid attention to the distribution of income. This led to a “competition for growth rate” Do