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为了揭示土壤团聚体及其无机磷组分对退耕植茶的响应特征,以雅安市名山区中峰乡退耕植茶地(2~3年、9~10年、16~17年)为研究对象,选取邻近耕地为对照,采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法开展退耕植茶地土壤团聚体及其无机磷组分分布特征的研究.结果表明:耕地及退耕植茶地土壤团聚体均以粒径>2 mm团聚体为主.随着退耕植茶年限的延长,各退耕植茶地粒径>5 mm的团聚体含量逐渐增加,粒径<5 mm的团聚体含量却逐渐降低.退耕植茶初期,退耕植茶地土壤团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD)值与对照差异不明显,退耕植茶9~10年和退耕植茶16~17年显著高于对照,且随着退耕植茶年限的延长逐渐增大.退耕植茶地与耕地相比,其有效性较高的Al-P、Fe-P含量增加,有效性较低的O-P含量降低,随着退耕植茶年限的延长,各粒径团聚体中有效性较低的O-P逐渐降低,有效性较高的Al-P、Fe-P逐渐增加.耕地及退耕植茶地中Al-P、Ca-P含量随粒径的减小而增加,在<0.25 mm粒径中的含量最高;Fe-P在<0.25 mm粒径团聚体中的含量最多,其次是2~5 mm和0.25~0.5 mm粒径团聚体;退耕植茶后,O-P逐渐向较小粒径中富集,在<2 mm粒径中含量较高.
In order to reveal the response characteristics of soil aggregates and inorganic phosphorus fractions to the conversion of cultivated land to cultivated tea, the paper studied the effects of returning cultivated land for tea planting (2-3 years, 9-10 years, 16-17 years) in Zhongfeng Township, Ya’an City , The adjacent arable land was selected as the control, and the field investigation and indoor analysis were combined to study the distribution characteristics of soil aggregate and inorganic phosphorus in the cultivated land. The results showed that: Aggregates with particle size> 2 mm were dominant.With the extension of planting and tea-planting period, the aggregates with grain size> 5 mm were gradually increased and the aggregates with grain size <5 mm were gradually reduced. In the early stage of tea plantation, the average mass diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of soil aggregates in returning farmland to tea plantation were not significantly different from the control, and the values of returning farmland to tea for 9-10 years and returning farmland to tea for 16-17 years were significantly higher than those of control , And gradually increased with the extension of the years of plantation and tea planting.Compared with the cultivated land, the Al-P and Fe-P contents with high availability and the less effective OP content decreased with the With the extension of returning farmland to tea plantation, the lower effective OP in each size aggregates decreased gradually, the effectiveness was lower Al-P and Fe-P in cultivated land and returning farmland to tea plantation increased with the decrease of grain size, and the contents of Al-P and Ca-P were the highest in <0.25 mm grain size. The contents of Fe-P in <0.25 mm particle size aggregates, followed by 2 ~ 5 mm and 0.25 ~ 0.5 mm particle size aggregates; After retreating tea plantation, OP gradually enriched to a smaller particle size, in the <2 mm particle size High content.