蛋白质是生命活动得以进行的重要物质基础。经过长期的自然进化,多种多样的蛋白质分子结构、性质、功能独特而又千差万别,且很多都难以被人工材料所仿制和替代。近年来,人们将各种蛋白质(及衍生物)基生物材料与先进微纳加工和集成技术有机结合,以蛋白质为重要、关键乃至核心材料,实现了各种新型功能化微纳结构、器件与集成系统——这已成为蛋白质基生物材料的一个重要的前沿研究方向、应用领域和发展趋势。尤其是蛋白质(及衍生物)在微纳光/电(子)相关的多学科领域交叉性应用方兴未艾。但是,大部分微纳加工成型技术在亚微米乃至纳米精度真三维等能力上的不足或缺失,限制了蛋白质基生物材料在微纳尺度应用的进一步发展(尤其是三维光子器件与系统)。而另一方面,利用飞秒激光直写技术,人们已经成功地制备了各种器件构型的高质量二维和三维微纳光子器件。本文着重介绍利用蛋白质材基的飞秒激光直写技术。首先,以蛋白质基材料作为人工合成聚合物的环境、生物兼容理想替代材料,获得亚微米乃至纳米级精度的各种高质量二维和三维蛋白质基微纳光/电器件,较好地实现其原型功能;其次充分挖掘、利用蛋白质本征性质,赋予所制备器件新颖多样的特性与功能。最终实现在材料功能特性和器件几何构型上“双重”任意设计和可控的飞秒激光直写定制,而有助于推动其多样化的应用拓展。 Proteins are an important material basis for life activities. After long-term natural evolution, a variety of protein molecular structure, nature, unique and varied but many are difficult to imitate and replace artificial materials. In recent years, people have integrated various protein (and derivative) -based biomaterials with advanced micro-nano processing and integration technologies, and have realized various new functionalized micro / nano structures, devices and Integrated Systems - This has become an important frontier research area, field of application and trend of protein-based biomaterials. In particular, the cross-linking of proteins (and derivatives) in the multi-disciplinary field related to micro / nano / electro (sub) is on the rise. However, most of the micro-nano processing and forming technology in the sub-micron and even three-dimensional nano-precision ability to lack or lack of limited protein-based biomaterials in the further development of micro-scale applications (especially the three-dimensional photonic devices and systems). On the other hand, high-quality two-dimensional and three-dimensional micro-nano photonic devices of various device configurations have been successfully fabricated using femtosecond laser direct writing technology. This article focuses on the use of protein-based femtosecond laser direct write technology. First of all, protein-based materials as artificial synthetic polymer environment, the ideal material for biological compatibility, access to sub-micron and even nanoscale precision of a variety of high-quality two-dimensional and three-dimensional protein-based micro-nano light / Prototype function; Secondly fully tapped, using the intrinsic nature of the protein, giving the device prepared novel and diverse features and functions. The result is a “dual” arbitrarily designed and controllable femtosecond laser direct write customization on the material’s functional features and device geometries, helping to diversify its application.