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目的 为明确谷氨酸作为一兴奋性氨基酸对中枢神经系统兼有兴奋性和毒性作用的机理。方法 实验选择具有较多 NMDA受体的海马作为研究对象 ,选用 SD种大鼠 ,给予 MSG(Monosodium L- glutamate剂量为18mmol/ kg)皮下注射 ,在不同的时间内观察大鼠的行为表现和其海马神经组织受损的超微结构的变化。结果 大鼠的早期行为表现较为兴奋 ,而后随时间的延长表现为迟钝 ;神经细胞早期为水肿 ,后期为水肿明显和细胞器的破坏直至细胞的固缩 ,这些损伤主要表现在 CA1区 ;同时在损伤的神经元周围常可见小胶质细胞的存在。结论 表明边缘系统的海马结构易受谷氨酸的影响 ,同时也表明了谷氨酸对神经细胞的兴奋毒性作用 ,此为临床药物和食物添加剂的运用可提供一定的依据
The purpose is to clarify the mechanism that glutamate acts as an excitatory amino acid on both the excitability and toxicity of the central nervous system. Methods The hippocampus with more NMDA receptors were selected as experimental subjects. SD rats were selected and injected subcutaneously with MSG (Monosodium L-glutamate at a dose of 18 mmol / kg). The behavior of rats was observed at different times Changes in ultrastructural damage of hippocampal nervous tissue. Results The behavior of rats in the early stage was more excited than that in the control group, and then slowed down with time. The early stage of the nerve cells was edema, the later was the obvious edema and the destruction of the organelles until the cell shrinkage. These injuries were mainly in the CA1 region. The presence of microglia can often be seen around the neurons. The conclusion shows that the hippocampus of the limbic system is susceptible to glutamate, and also shows the excitotoxic effect of glutamate on nerve cells, which may provide a basis for clinical drug and food additive