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通过盆栽试验,研究了肥料与石膏配合施用对滨海盐土油菜生长及养分吸收的影响,探讨了滨海盐土适宜的肥料品种。结果表明,肥料与石膏配合施用对滨海油菜生长有显著影响,在油菜干物质累积、油菜产量上均以有机无机复混肥、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥配施石膏效果最好。供试肥料品种间,油菜生长中后期在干物质累积、产量上均表现出有机无机复混肥(F2)、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥(F4)>无机复混肥(F1)>生物有机肥(F3)>对照,各肥料较对照分别增产195.6%、190.9%、117.0%和53.4%。在有机无机复混肥、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥的基础上增加石膏的施用量可明显改善油菜生长状况和产量,但在无机复混肥基础上增加石膏施用量会导致油菜干物质累积和产量的明显降低。肥料与石膏配合施用影响油菜对N、P、K养分的吸收,在油菜苗期养分吸收上,N、K以无机复混肥(F1)较高,P以有机无机复混肥(F2)较高,施用石膏可促进油菜对N、K的吸收,但会显著降低对P的吸收量。滨海盐土地区油菜栽培以有机无机复混肥(F2)、生物有机肥配合无机复混肥(F4)配合石膏(B2)施用较为适宜。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of fertilizers and gypsum on the growth and nutrient absorption of rapeseed in coastal saline soils. The suitable fertilizer varieties for coastal salty soil were discussed. The results showed that the combination of fertilizer and gypsum had a significant effect on the growth of rapeseed. The dry matter accumulation of rapeseed and the yield of rape were best with organic-inorganic fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer with inorganic compound fertilizer. In the mid and late rapeseed, the organic fertilizer (F2), bio-organic fertilizer with inorganic compound fertilizer (F4)> inorganic compound fertilizer (F1)> biological Organic fertilizer (F3)> control. The fertilizers increased yield by 195.6%, 190.9%, 117.0% and 53.4% respectively compared with the control. In the organic and inorganic fertilizer, bio-organic fertilizer with inorganic compound fertilizer based on the increase in the amount of gypsum application can significantly improve rape growth status and yield, but on the basis of inorganic compound fertilizer to increase the amount of gypsum will cause dry matter accumulation rape And significantly reduced production. The application of fertilizer and gypsum affected the uptake of N, P, K nutrients in rapeseed. N, K were higher in inorganic compound fertilizer (F1) and P in organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (F2) High, gypsum can promote rape N, K absorption, but will significantly reduce the absorption of P. Coastal salinization rape cultivated with organic-inorganic fertilizer (F2), bio-organic fertilizer with inorganic compound fertilizer (F4) with gypsum (B2) is more appropriate.