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目的了解铜陵市铜官山区小学生的营养健康状况和常见病的患病情况,为探讨预防对策提供依据。方法以2009-2012年铜陵市铜官山区18所小学全部参加体检的在校小学生为研究对象开展横断面调查,调查指标主要包括身高、体重、龋齿和视力状况等。结果 2009-2012年铜官山区小学生营养不良率为18.3%,超重率为11.1%,肥胖率为11.6%,龋患率为44.9%,视力低下率为52.9%。营养不良、超重、肥胖、龋齿、视力状况在不同年度、性别、年级间差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。视力低下率、龋患率有逐年上升的趋势,营养不良率、超重率、肥胖率、视力低下率总趋势上随年级增长而增加(均有P<0.001),而龋患率在总趋势上随年级增长而下降(2趋势=2 120.00,P<0.001)。结论铜陵市铜官山区小学生的视力低下、龋齿、营养不良、肥胖和超重呈不同程度的增长趋势,相关部门应积极采取针对性措施,降低其发生率,以提高该区小学生的健康水平。
Objective To understand the prevalence of nutritional status and prevalence of pupils in Tongguangshan District of Tongling City and provide the basis for the prevention measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among all primary school students in 18 primary schools in Tongguangshan District of Tongling City from 2009 to 2012. The survey indicators mainly include height, weight, dental caries and visual acuity. Results The malnutrition rate of primary school students in Tongguan mountainous region from 2009 to 2012 was 18.3%, the rate of overweight was 11.1%, the rate of obesity was 11.6%, the rate of dental caries was 44.9% and the rate of vision loss was 52.9%. Malnutrition, overweight, obesity, dental caries, visual acuity in different years, sex, grade differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). (P <0.001). The prevalence of caries increased with the increase of grade in all general trends (P <0.001). The prevalence of caries was increased year by year. The prevalence of malnutrition, overweight, obesity and vision loss all increased with age Increased and decreased (2 trend = 2 120.00, P <0.001). Conclusions The pupils’ eyesight, dental caries, malnutrition, obesity and overweight of Tongguanshan district in Tongling City increased with different degrees. Relevant departments should actively take targeted measures to reduce the incidence and improve the health of pupils in this area.