在经济全球化过程中,环境污染的外部性通过贸易等方式在国际间转移,成为国家或地区间贸易摩擦的重要原因。贸易与环境的关系日趋密切,贸易加大了环保的压力,而各国环境保护政策的推行也将对各国贸易竞争力和国际贸易结构产生重大影响,如何协调贸易自由化与环境保护的关系成为全 In the course of economic globalization, the externalities of environmental pollution have been transferred internationally through trade and other means, which has become an important reason for trade frictions among countries or regions. Trade and environment have become more and more closely linked with each other. Trade has increased the pressure on environmental protection. However, the implementation of environmental protection policies in various countries will also have a significant impact on the competitiveness of various countries and the structure of international trade. How to coordinate the relationship between trade liberalization and environmental protection has become