DNA自组装由于其低毒性、高生物相容性和内置特性,在生物传感、药物递送和临床治疗中发挥着越来越重要的作用.与大多数天然聚合物或合成纤维相比,这些DNA分子相对坚固,可通过序列变异进行修饰.作为侧链连接到聚合物上形成的二级结构赋予DNA结构可设计的响应特性,如对金属离子、蛋白质、pH、DNA、RNA和其他一些小信号分子(如ATP)的响应,可实现DNA原位自组装并进一步用于细胞荧光成像分析.该文综述了DNA自组装的最新进展,重点介绍了引发剂,并以触发机制分类探究其荧光成像应用.“,”DNA self-assemblies play an increasingly significant role in biosensing,drug delivery and therapy due to their minimal toxicity,high biocompatibility and built-in features.Compared to most natural polymers or synthetic fi?bers,these DNA molecules could be relatively strong while also modifiable through sequence variation.By simply at?taching to a polymer as a side chain,the secondary structure formed could endow the DNA structure with designable responsiveness to something like metal ions, proteins, pH, DNA, RNA, and some other small signal molecules (such as ATP)response to achieve some functional self-assemblies.In this review,the most recent progress of DNA self-assembly is introduced. The focus is on the initiator to distinguish the trigger mechanism and their fluorescence imaging applications.