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有关自然界的几大基本发现,大大扩展了我们改变生命与非生命世界结构及形态的创造力。物理学和化学的突破促进了电子、材料领域的飞速发展,极大地缩短了时间和空间上的距离,并最终宣告了一个迅速,安全地实现通讯和交流的信息时代的到来。与此同时,生物科技的进步增强了我们预防疾病和衰老,提高食物产量以及控制人口增长的能力。 简言之,科学研究——及其在新技术当中的运用——使得新的自由、新的生活方式以及新的人类实践活动形态的出现成为可能。然而,我们越来越多地听到这样的说法,我们试图用自己的能力和意志来操纵自然进程的做法本身是不符合自然规律的,它反映了我们与自然之间的矛盾。正如法国作家Jean Bruller-Vercors所写的那样,我们是“(被)改变了本性的动物”,一方面生活在自然当中,另一方面又在有意识地从局外人的角度对自然进行观察、研究和提出质疑。
Several basic discoveries about nature have greatly expanded our creativity in changing the structure and form of the world of life and non-life. The breakthrough in physics and chemistry has promoted the rapid development in the field of electronics and materials, greatly shortened the time and space, and finally proclaimed the arrival of an information age that enables rapid and safe communication and exchange. At the same time, advances in biotechnology have enhanced our ability to prevent disease and aging, increase food production and control population growth. In short, scientific research - and its use in new technologies - makes possible the emergence of new liberties, new ways of life and new patterns of human practices. However, we are increasingly hearing the statement that our attempt to manipulate the natural process with our own abilities and will is not in itself in conformity with the law of nature, which reflects the contradiction between us and nature. As the French writer Jean Bruller-Vercors wrote, we are “animals that have been transformed (by nature)”, living in nature on the one hand, and consciously observing nature from the perspective of outsiders Ask questions.