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1980年以来对直肠难吸收的药物进行了添加吸收促进剂的研究。其中,水杨酸及水杨酸衍生物促进药物直肠吸收的作用研究得非常广泛,它们对于酸性药物(头孢美唑),碱性药物(利多卡因),中性药物(茶碱),两性药物(左旋多巴),高分子化合物(胰岛素),及许多药物(肝素、促胃液素、荧光素)的直肠吸收,有不同程度的促进作用。一、促进药物直肠吸收的作用 1.茶碱:茶碱以微量灌肠剂经鼠直肠给药,在无水杨酸钠存在时,茶碱的生物利用度为20％,在相同条件下,如果药液中加入水杨酸钠7.5mg/kg,茶碱的生物利用度为100％。 2.胰島素:经狗直肠给予微量灌肠剂0.5ml(含胰岛素20国际单位、5-甲氧基水
Since 1980, the study of adding absorption enhancers to drugs that are difficult to absorb in the rectum. Among them, the salicylic acid and salicylic acid derivatives to promote the rectal absorption of the role of drug research is very extensive, they are acidic drugs (cefmetazole), basic drugs (lidocaine), neutral drugs (theophylline), amphoteric Drugs (levodopa), macromolecular compounds (insulin), and many drugs (heparin, gastrin, fluorescein) rectal absorption, to varying degrees, promote the role. First, the role of promoting rectal absorption of drugs 1. Theophylline: Theophylline to a small amount of enema via rectal administration, in the presence of sodium salicylate, theophylline bioavailability of 20% under the same conditions, if Liquid sodium salicylate 7.5mg / kg, theophylline bioavailability of 100%. 2. Insulin: micro-enema given via dog rectal 0.5ml (including insulin 20 international units, 5-methoxy water