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[目的]研究液氮超低温保存对小麦种子发芽力与活力的影响,为小麦种质资源超低温贮藏提供理论依据。[方法]选用收获后自然干燥的郑麦9023、皖麦48、扬麦158和安农1032(糯小麦)4个小麦品种种子,分别密封于塑料冷冻管中,放入液氮罐中保存7d,取出后常温解冻24h,采用幼苗生长测定、冷浸试验、电导率测定和模拟田间出苗率测定等方法,测定种子的各项活力指标。[结果]起始发芽率为87.7%～97.3%的小麦种子,液氮保存7d后,其幼苗生长测定发芽率为82.0%～94.0%,冷浸试验发芽率为79.3%～98.0%,模拟田间出苗率为43.7%～58.0%。[结论]初步认为小麦种子可以进行液氮超低温保存。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effect of cryopreservation of liquid nitrogen on the germination and vigor of wheat seeds and provide a theoretical basis for ultra-low temperature storage of wheat germplasm resources. [Method] Four wheat seeds of Zhengmai 9023, Wanmai 48, Yangmai 158 and Annong 1032 (waxy wheat) harvested naturally were sealed and sealed in plastic freezing tube respectively and stored in liquid nitrogen tank for 7 days , After thawing at room temperature for 24 h, the seed vigor indicators were determined by seedling growth test, cold soak test, conductivity test and simulation field seedling rate test. [Result] The germination rate of the wheat seeds with the initial germination rate of 87.7% ~ 97.3% was 82.0% ~ 94.0% when the liquid nitrogen was stored for 7 days, and the germination rate was 79.3% ~ 98.0% The emergence rate in the field was 43.7% ~ 58.0%. [Conclusion] It is preliminarily thought that wheat seeds can be stored in liquid nitrogen at low temperature.