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“技术成熟度等级”是一种衡量某项技术相对于特定目标应用所具备的成熟程度的通用语言和标准,由NASA提出并率先应用于重大空间项目的技术风险评估。经过近40年的理论研究与实践,这一概念已在美国国防科研和采办管理中得到普遍认可,对于规避项目技术风险,缓解“拖进度、涨经费、降指标”等问题颇有成效,目前已有国际工作小组尝试制定国际性的技术成熟度等级标准。
“Technology Maturity Level ” is a common language and standard for measuring the maturity of a technology relative to a specific target application. It is proposed by NASA and first applied to the technical risk assessment of major space projects. After nearly 40 years of theoretical research and practice, this concept has been widely recognized by the United States in its national defense scientific research and acquisition management. It is quite effective in mitigating the technical risks of the project and alleviating the problems of “dragging on, raising funds and dropping indicators.” At present, there are international working groups trying to develop an international standard of technology maturity level.