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在室外环境的设计过程中,一直以来,设计师们都将无障碍设计作为重要的点来加以处理,以满足特殊人群的需求。而从设计的理念上看,无障碍设计是去除障碍的设计,是在设计的过程中思考如何去除障碍,是“减法”的设计,这种设计考虑到了特殊人群对于公共环境的空间要求,在一定程度上体现了社会的进步。然而,这种设计也有他自身的缺点,如设计中所考虑的原则定位人群在特殊群体上,而对于大多数人群来说,并不适用,所以,从在高投入,低效益的问题。所以,在实际的设计过程中,它正逐渐被一种更为科学的“通用设计”所替代。通用设计回答了无障碍设计思想所没有顾及到的问题,是基于社会大众为设计对象,同时也是包括残障者的设计,所以,为无障碍设计的思想开拓了思路。
In the design of the outdoor environment, designers have long been focusing on barrier-free design as an important point to meet the needs of special populations. From the design concept, barrier-free design is to remove obstacles in the design process is to think about how to remove obstacles, is the “subtraction” design, this design takes into account the special population space requirements for the public environment , To a certain extent, reflects the social progress. However, this design has its own drawbacks. For example, the principle considered in the design locates the crowd in a special group, and for most people, it does not apply, so from the problems of high input and low efficiency. So, in the actual design process, it is gradually being replaced by a more scientific “universal design.” The universal design answers the questions that the barrier-free design idea does not take into consideration. It is based on the design of the general public and also includes the design of the disabled. It opens up new ideas for the design of barrier-free design.