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利用静态法研究了氰(C_2N_2)在禾谷类粮食中的吸附与降解过程,采用气相色谱法分析了C_2N_2在粮食中的吸附、残留和挥发行为,采用流动注射分析仪(FIA)测定了C_2N_2在粮食中可能的降解产物。结果表明:粮食对C_2N_2有较强的吸附能力,熏蒸1h,90%以上的C_2N_2被粮食吸附,其吸附能力为稻谷>高梁>玉米>大麦>小麦,同时C_2N_2在粮食中可降解为氰化氢(HCN)。通风后,C_2N_2及其降解产物HCN从粮食中缓慢挥发,其中C_2N_2从小麦和大麦中挥发的速率高于玉米、高梁和稻谷,HCN从小麦、大麦、玉米和高梁中挥发的速率高于稻谷。C_2N_2及其降解产物HCN在粮食中的消解动态符合一级动力学指数模型,通风后在小麦、大麦、玉米、高梁和稻谷中的半衰期(t_(1/2)),C_2N_2分别为1.82、2.57、2.81、1.97和2.98 d,HCN分别为4.46、4.30、4.01、3.94和5.26d。C_2N_2在粮食中可降解为NH_4~+和HCN,同时产生少量的NO_3~-和NO_2~-。C_2N_2在不同粮食中的降解产物存在差异,在小麦和玉米中检测到HCN、NH_4~+、NO_3~-和NO_2~-4种降解产物,在稻谷中检测到HCN、NH_4~+和NO_3~-3种降解产物,而在大麦和高梁中仅检测到HCN和NH_4~+两种降解产物。
Adsorption and degradation processes of cyanide (C_2N_2) in cereals were studied by static method. Adsorption, residual and volatilization behaviors of C_2N_2 in food were analyzed by gas chromatography. Flow injection analyzer (FIA) was used to determine the adsorption of C_2N_2 Potential degradation products in food. The results showed that grain had a strong adsorption capacity for C_2N_2, fumigated for 1h, and more than 90% of C_2N_2 was adsorbed on grain, and its adsorption capacity was rice> sorghum> corn> barley> wheat, while C_2N_2 could be degraded to hydrogen cyanide (HCN). After ventilation, C_2N_2 and its degradation product HCN volatilized slowly from grain. C 2 N 2 volatilized faster from wheat and barley than from corn, sorghum and rice. HCN volatilized faster from wheat, barley, corn and sorghum than rice. The digestion kinetics of C_2N_2 and its degradation product HCN in grain complied with the first-order kinetic index model. The half-lives (t 1/2) of wheat, barley, maize, sorghum and rice after ventilation were 1.02 and 2.57 , 2.81, 1.97 and 2.98 d, and HCN were 4.46, 4.30, 4.01, 3.94 and 5.26 d, respectively. C_2N_2 can be degraded into NH_4 ~ + and HCN in grain, while producing a small amount of NO_3 ~ - and NO_2 ~ -. The degradation products of C_2N_2 in different grains were different. The degradation products of HCN, NH_4 ~ +, NO_3 ~ - and NO_2 ~ 4 were detected in wheat and maize. The content of HCN, NH_4 ~ + and NO_3 ~ Three kinds of degradation products, but only two kinds of degradation products of HCN and NH_4 ~ + were detected in barley and sorghum.