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地震形成的次生裸地的生态恢复包括植被和土壤的结构与功能恢复两个方面。选取彭州龙门山地震崩塌地、泥石流冲积扇、滑坡体等震后形成的三个典型次生裸地恢复3a后,对表土(0—30cm)有机碳、水溶性氮、有效磷和土壤酶活性等性质进行了研究,以评价恢复初期不同次生裸地的土壤恢复状况。结果显示,自然恢复3a,土壤有机碳恢复到原生样地的27%～42%,可溶性碳恢复至原生样地的25%～46%,可溶性氮恢复至原生样地的6%～14%,有效磷恢复至原生样地的21%～83%。土壤酶中,过氧化氢酶活性恢复较快,达到对照样地过氧化氢酶活性的70%以上,而脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶活性恢复较慢,分别为对照样地的5%～19%,6%～48%,6%～26%,因此地震形成的次生裸地上土壤肥力质量与土壤酶活性的恢复是一个长期的过程。
The ecological restoration of the secondary bare land formed by earthquakes includes the restoration of vegetation and soil structure and function. After the restoration of the three typical secondary bare land formed after the earthquake, such as the collapse of the Longmenshan earthquake in Pengzhou, debris flow alluvial fan and landslide, the soil organic carbon, water-soluble nitrogen, available phosphorus and soil enzyme activities of topsoil (0-30cm) And other properties of the study to evaluate the recovery of different secondary bare soil restoration status. The results showed that the soil organic carbon was restored to 27% -42% of the original sample, the soluble carbon was restored to 25% -46% of the native sample, and the soluble nitrogen was restored to 6% ~ 14% of the native sample by natural recovery. Effective phosphorus restored to the original sample of 21% to 83%. In the soil enzyme, catalase activity recovered quickly, reaching more than 70% of the catalase activity in the control plot, while the activity of urease, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase recovered slowly, which were respectively 5% ~ 19%, 6% ~ 48% and 6% ~ 26% respectively. Therefore, the restoration of soil fertility and soil enzyme activity on the secondary bare earth by the earthquake is a long-term process.