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[目的]探讨原发性高血压患者的心率变异性、血压变异性与血管损伤的相关性.[方法]回顾性分析2013年6月至2016年6月本院收治的405例原发性高血压患者的临床资料,根据患者臂踝脉波传播速度(baP-WV)将其分为baPWV正常组(baPWV＜14m/s,n=267)和baPWV升高组(baPWV≥14m/s,n=138).监测所有患者24 h动态心电图,应用时域及频域分析患者的心率变异性,监测所有患者动态血压,比较两组患者的心率变异性、血压变异性的相关指标,分析其与血管损伤的相关性.[结果]baPWV正常组患者的每5 min心搏RR间期均值的标准差(SDANN)高于baPWV升高组患者,低频(LF)、高频(HF)、低频/高频比较(LF/HF)、夜间/白天心率比值(nHR/dHR)低于baPWV升高组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).baPWV正常组患者的24h平均脉压(24hPP)、24 h平均收缩压(24hSBP)、白天平均收缩压(dSBP)、白天平均压(dPP)、夜间平均收缩压(nSBP)、24 h收缩压标准差(24hSSD)均低于baPWV升高组患者,夜间收缩压下降率(SBPF)高于baPWV升高组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).LF、LF/HF、nHR/dHR、24hPP和24hSSD与baPWV表现为显著正相关(P＜0.05).[结论]原发性高血压患者的LF、LF/HF、nHR/dHR、24hPP和24hSSD与baPWV表现为显著正相关,说明心率变异性、血压变异性与原发性高血压患者血管损伤显著相关.“,”[Objective] To investigate the correlation between heart rate variability,blood pressure variability and vascular injury in patients with essential hypertension.[Methods]The clinical data of 405 patients with essential hypertension admitted to our hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.According to their brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV),the patients were divided into baPWV normal group (baPWV ＜ 14 m/s,n =267) and baPWV raising group (baPWV=14 m/s,n =138).All patients were monitored with 24 h dynamic electrocardiogram,and the heart rate variability was analyzed using time domain and frequency domain analysis;Ambulatory blood pressure was monitored in all the patients,and the heart rate variability and blood pressure variability were compared between the two groups to analyze the correlation with vascular injury.[Results]The standard deviation (SDANN) of the mean value of RR interval of every 5 min in patients thebaPWV normal group was higher than that in the baPWV raising group;Low frequency (LF),high frequency (HF),low frequency / high frequency (LF/HF),night / day heart rate (nHR/dHR) was lower than that of the baPWV raising group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).24 h average pulse pressure (24hPP),24 h mean systolic blood pressure (24hSBP),daytime average systolic blood pressure (dSBP),the mean pressure (dPP),nocturnal mean systolic blood pressure (nSBP),24 h systolic blood pressure standard deviation (24hSSD) of the BaPWV normal group were lower than those of the baPWV raising group,the rate of nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBPF) was higher than that of the baPWV raising group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).LF,LF/HF,nHR/dHR,24hPP and 24hSSD showed significant positive correlation with baPWV (P ＜0.05).[Conclusion]LF,LF/HF,nHR/dHR,24hPP and 24hSSD are significantly positively correlated with baPWV in patients with essential hypertension,which means that heart rate variability and blood pressure variability are significantly correlated with vascular injury in patients with essential hypertension.