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本文利用了EOF方法分析了1951—1980年北太平洋(包括赤道东太平洋)海表面温度各月逐年的年际变化特征。分析的结果表明:(1)冷暖洋流区也就是北太平洋暖流区,加利福尼亚寒流区、赤道东太平洋海区的收敛速度最快,其次是冬季黑潮和西部北赤道暖流区。(2)空间特征向量场前3项的物理意义非常清楚,第一特征向量场表示海温场南高北低沿纬度分布的特征,分为西北部和东南部两大反相的区域,零线的走向呈东北东—西南西。第二特征向量场分成了三块区域,零线的走向仍呈东北东—西南西。中间是正区,南、北分别是以赤道东太平洋和北太平洋暖流区为中心的负区,突出了这两大海区的作用,第三特征向量场北面是以北太平洋暖流区为中心的负区,而东南、西分别是以加利福尼亚、赤道太平洋和黑潮三大洋流区为中心的正区,中央太平洋是弱的负区。(3)由时间振幅系数分析得到的SST的各月逐年的变化特征,五十年代具有5—6年、六十一七十年代具有2—3年的准周期振荡,并且海温的这些固有变化特征与东亚气候有密切的关系。
In this paper, the EOF method is used to analyze the year-by-year annual variations of the sea surface temperature over the North Pacific (including the equatorial East Pacific) from 1951 to 1980. The results of the analysis show that: (1) The warm and warm current is also the North Pacific warm current, and the convergence is the fastest in the cold current and the eastern equatorial Pacific in California, followed by the winter Kuroshio and the western equatorial warm current. (2) Spatial eigenvectors The physical meaning of the first three terms of the field is very clear. The first eigenvector field expresses the latitude distribution of the southern high northern part of the SST field. It is divided into two opposite regions of the northwest and the southeast, with zero Line to the northeast east - southwest. The second eigenvector field is divided into three regions, and the direction of the zero line is still northeast-southwest-west. The middle is the positive zone, and the south and north are respectively the negative zone centered on the equatorial eastern Pacific and the warm zone in the North Pacific, highlighting the roles of these two sea areas. The north of the third eigenvector field is the negative zone centered on the North Pacific warm zone , While the southeast and west are respectively the positive zone centered on the three major ocean currents of California, the equatorial Pacific and the Kuroshio. The central Pacific is the weak negative zone. (3) The monthly variation characteristics of SST from the time amplitude coefficient analysis show that the fifties have five to six years and the sixty to seventies have two to three years of quasi-periodic oscillations, and the SST The changing characteristics are closely related to the climate in East Asia.