目的 :了解长期小剂量、低剂量率职业受照者的细胞遗传学变化。方法 :以外周血淋巴细胞浓集法对安徽省阜阳市 94名医院放射科从业人员于 1990年、1992年、1994年、1996年和 1998年连续 5次作微核检测 ;采用归一化工作量估算法对受检者进行个人剂量估算。结果 :平均年当量剂量均数逐年下降 ,未见平均微核率有明显逐年升高的趋势 ;放射组微核率与对照组相比 ,均有显著增加 ,且微核率随放射工龄的增加呈递增趋势。结论 :长期受小剂量、低剂量率照射的医用诊断X线工作者会引起外周血淋巴细胞微核改变 ;微核率与放射工龄呈曲线相关 ,有明显的相关性 ;微核率与年龄、平均年当量剂量、累积当量剂量无明显的相关性 Objective: To understand the cytogenetic changes of long-term low-dose and low-dose occupational exposure. Methods: Peripheral blood lymphocyte concentration method was used to make micronucleus test in radiology of 94 hospitals in Fuyang City, Anhui Province for five times in 1990, 1992, 1994, 1996 and 1998. Using normalization Quantitative assessment of the subjects for personal dose estimation. Results: The mean annual equivalent dose decreased year by year, but the average micronucleus rate did not increase obviously year by year. The micronucleus rate of the radiotherapy group increased significantly compared with the control group, and the micronucleus rate increased with the increase of the radiological service life Increasing trend. Conclusion: Medical X-ray workers exposed to low-dose and low-dose for a long time will cause micronuclei change of peripheral blood lymphocytes. The micronucleus rate is related to the age of radiation workers. There is a clear correlation between micronucleus rate and age, The average annual equivalent dose, cumulative equivalent dose no significant correlation