20世纪 90年代 ,通过全面推行经济改革 ,拉美国家有效地控制了通货膨胀 ,大幅度压缩了财政赤字 ,使大多数拉美国家的政府重新赢得了国民和世人的信任 ,这恐怕是拉美经济改革曾经取得的最突出的一项成果。尽管如此 ,由于宏观政策失误和严重依赖外资 ,既没有实现真正的经济稳定 ,也没有实现经济高速增长。经济改革的另一项重大成果是出口迅速增长 ,特别是工业制成品出口增长强劲。同时 ,贸易和生产的专业化程度大大提高。但它们没有带动经济的高速增长。根本原因是经济改革没有激活拉美国家生产结构的活力 In the 1990s, through the full implementation of economic reforms, Latin American countries effectively controlled inflation, drastically reduced the fiscal deficit and re-won the trust of the people of the majority of Latin American countries with the rest of the world. This is probably because Latin American economic reform once The most outstanding achievement. Nevertheless, due to mistakes in macroeconomic policies and heavy reliance on foreign investment, neither real economic stability nor rapid economic growth have been achieved. Another major achievement of economic reform is the rapid export growth, especially the strong growth of industrial exports. At the same time, the degree of specialization in trade and production has risen considerably. But they did not drive the rapid economic growth. The fundamental reason is that economic reforms have not activated the vitality of Latin American countries’ production structure