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目前,现代化的农业生产系统建立在大量燃料的消耗上,虽然西方发达国家在近半个世纪的发展过程已经证明这是一种见效快、经济产值高的生产方式,但是随着在世界范围内可持续发展观念的日趋重视,这种生产方式的弊端也逐渐地受到人们的注意。1)原有农业生产方式需要消耗大量的燃料资源;2)虽然肥料、农药和大型机械的应用不断提高,但近几年农作物的生产和产量表现出停滞状态;3)燃料及其副产品的不断使用导致环境逐渐退化。因此,这种农业生产方式必然会被另一种投入少、更有利于可持续发展的生产方式所取代。笔者认为生物—环境互作理论和物质循环法则将会为新型农业的发展提供解决的方法。因此,作者提出的2项研究具有相当的重要性。1)阐明生物间综合作用的结构,以及生物体之间、生物与环境之间相互作用的关系;2)如何在农业生态系统上有效的应用物质循环法则。同时,将会大幅度的减少人类对燃料的依赖。
At present, the modern agricultural production system is based on the consumption of a large amount of fuel. Although the development of the western developed countries in the past half century has proved that this is a quick and economical production method, The growing emphasis on the concept of sustainable development, the drawbacks of this mode of production has also gradually been people’s attention. 1) The original agricultural production methods consumed large amounts of fuel resources; 2) the production and output of crops showed stagnation in recent years despite the increasing use of fertilizers, pesticides and large machinery; 3) the continuous development of fuels and their by-products Use led to the gradual degradation of the environment. Therefore, this mode of agricultural production will inevitably be replaced by another mode of production that is less devoted to sustainable development. The author believes that the biological-environmental interaction theory and the law of material circulation will provide a solution to the development of new-type agriculture. Therefore, the two studies proposed by the authors are of considerable importance. 1) To elucidate the structure of biological interactions and the relationship between living organisms and the environment; 2) How to effectively apply the law of material circulation in agro-ecosystems. At the same time, it will significantly reduce human dependence on fuel.