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为了研究异形截面碳纤维复合材料的吸波性能,采用SEM、XRD及XPS等测试技术,对异形截面聚丙烯腈基碳纤维(ICF)和T300碳纤维的表面形貌、组织结构及化学组成进行了研究。结果表明:ICF的截面形状成近似正三角形,截面异形度为13.16%;与树脂基体可以形成较强的界面作用;其力学性能与T300接近,可作为结构材料的增强体使用。分别采用四电极法、网络法和雷达散射截面(RCS)法研究了2种纤维增强的复合材料的电磁性能和吸波性能。结果表明:ICF的电阻率比T300大;在高频电磁波作用下,ICF复合材料的介电常数虚部(ε″)及损耗角正切(tanδ)均比T300复合材料大;其复合材料对频率在16 GHz左右的电磁波的反射率为-8 dB。通过研究,异形截面碳纤维复合材料同时具有承载和吸波的作用,将是一种有前途的结构吸波材料。
In order to study the microwave absorbing properties of profiled carbon fiber composites, the surface morphology, microstructure and chemical composition of the profiled polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers (ICF) and T300 carbon fibers were studied by SEM, XRD and XPS. The results show that the shape of cross section of ICF is approximately equilateral triangle, the cross section of ICF is 13.16%, and the interface between ICF and resin matrix can be formed strongly. The mechanical property of ICF is close to that of T300, which can be used as reinforcements of structural materials. The electromagnetic properties and microwave absorbing properties of the two kinds of fiber reinforced composites were studied by four-electrode method, network method and radar cross section (RCS) method respectively. The results show that the resistivity of ICF is larger than that of T300. Under high frequency electromagnetic wave, the imaginary part (ε ") and loss tangent (tan δ) of dielectric constant of ICF composite are larger than that of T300 composite. The reflectivity of the electromagnetic wave at about 16 GHz is -8 dB. It is found that the special-shaped cross-section carbon fiber composite has the function of bearing and absorbing waves and will be a promising structure absorbing material.