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肿瘤转移是引起肿瘤相关死亡的主要原因,肿瘤细胞的代谢异常在肿瘤转移中扮演重要角色。肿瘤的糖代谢以“Warburg效应”为显著特征,即细胞在有氧条件下也以糖酵解为主要糖代谢途径提供能量。而这种现象在转移性肿瘤细胞中更为突出,表现为葡萄糖的大量摄取、高糖酵解速率和核酸合成速率等,这为肿瘤细胞的快速生长和增殖提供了重要的能量和物质基础。对于肿瘤转移过程中相关代谢改变的研究,将为最终揭示肿瘤转移的机制打下基础。本文综述肿瘤细胞糖代谢中糖酵解、线粒体有氧代谢及磷酸戊糖途径中的变化与肿瘤转移发生的相关性,其结果为进一步从调控肿瘤代谢角度发现新的肿瘤转移控制手段提供了启示。
Tumor metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Metabolic abnormalities of tumor cells play an important role in tumor metastasis. The tumor’s glucose metabolism is marked by the “Warburg effect”, in which cells provide energy as glycolysis, the predominant glucose metabolism pathway, under aerobic conditions. However, this phenomenon is more prominent in metastatic tumor cells, which is characterized by large amount of glucose uptake, high glycolysis rate and nucleic acid synthesis rate, which provide an important energy and material basis for the rapid growth and proliferation of tumor cells. Research on the related metabolic changes during tumor metastasis will lay the foundation for finally revealing the mechanism of tumor metastasis. This review summarizes the correlation between the changes of glycolysis, mitochondrial aerobic metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway and tumor metastasis in the glucose metabolism of tumor cells. The results provide the inspiration for further discovering new tumor metastasis control measures from the perspective of tumor metabolism .