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基于多体动力学的基本原理,建立了挖掘机工作装置的刚柔耦合模型。动臂拓扑优化设计采用变密度法,以动臂重量最小化为目标函数,以动臂各单元的相对密度为设计变量,强度和刚度为约束条件。根据计算后得到的相对密度云图对动臂进行轻量化设计,优化后的动臂减重最高可达30.8%。对比分析了拓扑优化设计前后动臂在规定时间内动态应力应变曲线变化趋势,应力应变曲线显示优化后动臂的应力和位移均有小幅增大,但均在许用值范围内,结果表明该优化方法是可行的。
Based on the principle of multi-body dynamics, a rigid-flexible coupling model of excavator working device was established. The topology optimization design of boom adopts variable density method, which takes the boom weight minimization as the objective function and the relative density of each boom as the design variable, strength and stiffness as the constraint conditions. Based on the calculated relative density cloud chart, the boom is designed with light weight, and the optimized boom weight loss can reach up to 30.8%. The trend of dynamic stress-strain curve of boom in front and back of topology optimization design is compared and analyzed. The stress-strain curve shows that the stress and displacement of boom are slightly increased after optimization, but all of them are in the range of allowable value. Optimization method is feasible.