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为深入分析煤炭企业价格竞争的复杂性,本文结合当前我国煤炭行业的寡头竞争结构,建立了双寡头煤炭企业动态价格博弈模型,运用非线性动力学理论讨论了模型的均衡解及稳定性,借助Matlab工具数值仿真了煤炭市场因素、煤炭企业因素以及政府因素的相关参数变动下模型的复杂动力学行为,并对煤炭企业价格竞争博弈的演化路径进行了分析。研究结果表明,当煤炭市场需求以及需求价格弹性发生变动时,煤炭寡头企业间进行价格竞争,容易造成煤炭价格的波动和市场竞争的无序;在目前我国煤炭行业的这种寡头竞争结构下,市场势力强的煤炭企业更倾向于进行价格竞争;政府相关部门通过对煤炭价格波动幅度的管理,可以使波动的煤炭价格稳定在可控区间,使无序竞争的煤炭市场恢复稳定。
In order to further analyze the complexity of price competition in coal enterprises, this paper establishes the dynamic price game model of duopoly oligopoly with the current oligopoly competition structure in China’s coal industry, and discusses the equilibrium solution and stability of the model by using nonlinear dynamics theory. The Matlab tool numerically simulates the complex dynamic behavior of the model under the changes of coal market factors, coal business factors and government-related parameters, and analyzes the evolution path of coal enterprises’ price competition game. The results show that when the coal market demand and the price elasticity of demand changes, the price competition among the oligarchs can easily lead to the fluctuation of the coal price and the disorder of the market competition. Under the current oligopoly structure of the coal industry in our country, Coal companies with strong market power are more likely to compete in prices. Relevant government departments can stabilize fluctuating coal prices in a controlled range through the management of fluctuations in the price of coal so that disorderly-competitive coal markets can be restored to stability.