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目的切断新西兰大白兔腓肠肌神经后,观察肌内神经、肌梭、运动终板带、肌湿重等的变化,探讨其规律。方法将25只新西兰大白兔随机分成对照组(5只)和神经切断组(20只)。术后2,4,8,12,16周,称肌湿重后用S ihler’s肌内神经染色法染色肌内神经;用乙酰胆碱脂酶整肌染色法染肌运动终板;用HE染色法染肌梭。结果①失神经2周肌湿重为正常的65%,两组比较P<0.05,肌内神经染色变浅,运动终板带及断面切片上显示数目正常,肌梭形态及梭内肌纤维无改变;②4周肌湿重为正常的53.2%,运动终板带变模糊,数目与正常比较无差别,肌内神经三级分支消失,肌梭数量正常,部分肌梭出现变形;③8周肌肉大量纤维化,湿重为正常的43.97%,运动终板带不连续,数目减少为正常76.2%,两组比较P<0.05,肌内神经二、三级均无染色,仅留有鞘管样结构,肌梭大部分变形,数量为正常的81%,与正常组比较P<0.05;④12周肌湿重为正常的42%,与8周相比P>0.05,运动终板更加分散,形态不规则,数目为正常的54.4%,肌内仅一级神经有部分淡染,肌梭仅为正常的50%。⑤16周肌湿重为正常的41.6%,与12周相比P>0.05,运动终板无聚合态,一级神经淡染存在,肌梭为正常的48.6%,与12周相比P>0.05。结论新西兰大白兔腓肠肌失神经支配后,肌湿重、肌内神经、运动终板、肌梭变化有一定规律性,肌萎缩发生最早。
Objective To observe the changes of intramuscular nerve, muscle spindle, motor end plate zone and muscle wet weight after cutting the gastrocnemius nerve of New Zealand white rabbits. Methods Twenty-five New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group (n = 5) and nerve block group (n = 20). At 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after operation, muscle was weighed and stained with S ihler’s intramuscular nerve. The muscle endplate was stained with acetylcholinesterase Muscle spindle. Results ① The wet weight of the denervated nerves at 2 weeks was 65% of normal. The two groups were compared with P <0.05. The intramuscular nerve was stained lightly. The numbers of motile endplates and sections were normal. The morphology of the spindle and the intrafusal myofibers were unchanged ; ②4 weeks wet weight was 53.2% of the normal, motor endplate fuzzy, the number of normal no difference between the three branches of the muscle nerve disappeared, the number of muscle spindle is normal, part of the muscle spindle deformation; ③ 8 weeks a large number of muscle fibers The wet weight was normal 43.97%, the motor endplate was discontinuous and the number decreased to normal 76.2%. There was no difference between the two groups (P <0.05) The majority of muscle spindles were deformed, the number was 81% of the normal, P <0.05 compared with the normal group. ④ The wet weight of 12 weeks was 42% of the normal, P> 0.05 compared with 8 weeks. Motor endplate was more dispersed and irregular in shape , The number of normal 54.4%, only a part of the muscle lightly stained muscles, muscle spindle only 50% of normal. (5) The wet weight of peripheral muscle was 41.6% of the normal in 16 weeks, P> 0.05 compared with that of 12 weeks. There was no aggregation of motile endplate, and the primary neurofibrillate existed. The muscle spindle was normal 48.6%, P> 0.05 . Conclusion New Zealand white rabbits gastrocnemius denervation innervation, muscle wet weight, intramuscular nerve, motor end plate, muscle spindle changes have a certain regularity, muscle atrophy occurs first.