1　问题的提出　　当前，国内大多数机务段采用的是 计划预防修"机车检修体制，这种检修方法主要是依据机车的运营周期来决定检修日期。从某种程度上忽略了机车本身的技术状态，一方面浪费了大量的人力、物力、财力，另一方面打乱了机车运输生产的连续性。所以，近年来很多单 At present, most locomotive depots in China adopt the plan of preventive maintenance, which is mainly based on the operation cycle of the locomotive to determine the overhaul date, which to some extent neglected the locomotive’s own technology State, on the one hand wasted a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, on the other hand disrupted the continuity of locomotive transport production.So, in recent years a lot of single