By analyzing the high risk factors for pulmonary fungous infection in intensive care units of neurosurgery,the strategy of early diagnosis and treatment was explored.According to the domestic diagnostic standard on pulmonary fungous infection.clinical data on 58 patients with the infection in our department were analyzed.One hundred and seventeen strains of fungi were separated from the 58 cases.Candidiasis was the most frequent type,accounting for 92.3% of the cases.Conditions such as the severity of primary diseases,long-time coma,long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotic,abuse of glucocorticoid,the open airway,and some invasive intubations,may be regarded as high risk factors for pulmonary fungous infection.Fluconazole showed good clinical effects on the treatment of fungous infection.Tb eliminate these high risk factors,early diagnosis and the use of prophylactic antifungal agents can help reduce the incidence of pulmonary fungous infection.