目的:探讨小儿感染性腹泻的病原侔构成,为临床合理有效地控制该病提供病原学依据。方法:对1 080例感染性腹泻患儿进行大便常规检查,WBC(o~+)者做轮状病毒抗原(RVAg)检测,对WBC(++-++4-+)者进行细菌培养,寻找病原体。结果:采集了815例患儿的粪便进行了RVAg检测,阳性292例,占35.8%。多数为婴幼儿,夏秋季发病率较高,初冬也有少部分发病。采集265例患大便,细菌培养后发现阳性137例,阳性率较高,还分离出致病细菌36例,占13.6%,其中91例是条件致病菌,占34.3%,分离出还有10例是真菌,占3.8%。主要致病菌包括金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、变形菌、痢疾杆菌、克雷伯菌、致病性大肠埃希菌以及弗劳地枸橼杆菌。结论:小儿感染性腹泻的发病与年龄及季节密切相关,婴幼儿发病率较高,往往有多种病原体感染,以夏秋季为主。同类型的腹泻不但要做大便常规检查,还要做病原学检测,尽快查出病原体,为治疗提供必要的依据。 Objective: To explore the constitution of pathogen in children with infectious diarrhea and provide etiological basis for the reasonable and effective clinical control of the disease. Methods: A total of 1,080 infants with infectious diarrhea underwent routine stool examination, RBC test on WBC (o ~ +), bacterial culture on WBC (++ - ++ 4- +), Looking for pathogens. Results: 815 children were collected for stool RVAg test, 292 cases were positive (35.8%). The majority of infants and young children, a higher incidence in summer and autumn, early winter also have a small part of the disease. A total of 265 cases of stool samples were collected and 137 cases were found positive after culture. The positive rate was also high, 36 cases of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, accounting for 13.6%, of which 91 cases were pathogenic bacteria (34.3%) and 10 Examples are fungi, accounting for 3.8%. The main pathogens include Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Proteus, Shigella, Klebsiella, pathogenic Escherichia coli and Citronella. Conclusion: The incidence of infectious diarrhea in children is closely related to the age and season. Infants and young children have a high incidence and often have many kinds of pathogens, mainly in summer and autumn. The same type of diarrhea not only routine examination to do stool, but also to do etiological testing, as soon as possible to detect pathogens, provide the necessary basis for treatment.