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碳除了具有传统观念上的石墨和金刚石两种同素异形体外,近年来人们又发现了第三种同素异形体———C60。C60以其独特的类似足球状的结构及性能,吸引了各国的科学家,对C60的研究在全世界范围内如火如荼地开展起来。笔者在总结C60的合成技术、分子结构与性能的基础上,探索了C60作为一种新型材料所具有的应用潜力;回顾了从C60发现至今十多年的研究历程,并首次将C60的研究过程分成三个阶段,即起步阶段(1985年~1990年)、起飞阶段(1991年~1993年)和成熟阶段(1994年以后);预测了C60及其化合物的应用性研究将成为今后研究的重点和热点。最后,对当前C60研究中存在的问题和难点进行了讨论。
Carbon in addition to the traditional concept of graphite and diamond allotropes, in recent years, people have found a third allotrope --- C60. C60 attracts scientists from all over the world with its unique football-like structure and properties. The research on C60 has been carried out in full swing worldwide. On the basis of summarizing the synthesis technology, molecular structure and properties of C60, the author explored the potential of C60 as a novel material; reviewed the research process from the discovery of C60 to the present more than ten years, and for the first time introduced the research process of C60 It is divided into three stages, that is, the initial stage (1985 ~ 1990), the takeoff stage (1991 ~ 1993) and the maturity stage (after 1994). It is predicted that the applicability of C60 and its compounds will become the focus of future research And hot spots. Finally, the problems and difficulties in the current C60 research are discussed.