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杨树为雌雄异株,它具有杂合遗传型和世代交替周期长的特点。用传统方法研究杨树遗传规律及育种实践都会遇到困难。如果采用单倍体技术与杂种优势利用、诱变育种、原生质体融合研究相结合,将会探索出一条新的育种途径。60年代初开始采用孤雌生殖技术诱导出雌核发育成的杨树植株;70年代后采用离体培养花药的技术也成功地诱导出杨树花粉植株。但多数试验均在成株后进行倍性鉴定,由于花药组织也有诱导成株的可能性,其实验结果,有单倍体植株也有二倍体植株。我们为了开展杨树单倍体体细胞(体细胞配子)杂交,即利用种间单倍体细胞结合代替有性过程的配子结合,以及探讨体细胞遗传规律的研究,也进行了晚花杨_(272)(Popnlus serotina_(272))等杨树诱导花粉单倍体植株试验。为了弄清植株起源及提高花粉植株诱导率,结合花药培养采用以动态跟踪的方法,进行花粉发育途径及某些因素影响的研究。
Poplar is dioecious, with a heterozygous genetic pattern and the long cycle of generations. It is difficult to study the genetic law and breeding practice of poplar using traditional methods. If haploid technology is used in combination with heterosis utilization, mutagenesis breeding and protoplast fusion research, a new breeding method will be explored. In the early 1960s, parthenogenetic technique was used to induce the poplar plants to develop into gynogenes. Poplar pollen plants were also successfully induced by ex-vivo anther culture after the 1970s. However, most of the tests were carried out after ploidy identification in adult plants. Since the anther tissue also has the possibility of inducing adult plants, the results of the experiment also showed that the haploid plants also had diploid plants. In order to carry out poplar haploid somatic hybridization (somatic haploid hybridization), that is, the use of interspecific haploid cells in combination with sex instead of sexual process of gamete binding, as well as the study of somatic genetic rules, (272) (Popnlus serotina_ (272)) and other poplar-induced pollen haploid plants. In order to understand the origin of plants and improve the induction rate of pollen plants, combined with anther culture using dynamic tracking methods, pollen development pathway and the impact of certain factors.