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本文以西方教父时代解经学和中国汉唐诗经学对《圣经》和《诗经》的阐释为例,借助卡尔·曼海姆的“乌托邦”理论,发现两种文化传统对于各自典籍的解经之道中同而不同的“圣言乌托邦”倾向。本文首先讨论经书的来源及作者问题。两部典籍经历了漫长而复杂的成书过程,在各自文化传统中均被归在某位抽象而权威的作者名下。再者考察中西的读经之法,发现其中对“圣言”之存在的共同预设。最后进入对解经之道的阐释,比较教父的寓意解经法和儒生对“微言大义”的执著,观察其中的主观思想动因。结论认为,这种以“圣言乌托邦”为核心的反思精神既是中西文化共同具有的人类文明的可贵之处,也是实现东西文化双向互动的有利条件之一。
Taking the interpretation of the Bible and the Book of Songs as an example, this paper uses the interpretation of the Bible and The Book of Songs by the Western Godfathers’ Era Study of the Godfathers and the Chinese classics of the Han, Tang and Tang Dynasties as examples. By using the theory of Utopia of Carl Mannheim, we find that the two cultural traditions The same, but different from the “Taoist Utopia” tendencies. This article first discusses the source and author of the book. The two classics have undergone a lengthy and complicated process of making a book, and they are all classified as abstract and authoritative authors in their respective cultural traditions. In addition, we study the law of reading classics in both China and the West and discover the common presupposition of the existence of the Word. Finally, we enter the interpretation of the solution of the Buddhist scriptures, compare the godfather’s interpretation of the meanings and Confucianists’ dedication to the “micro-righteousness”, and observe the motivation of the subjective thoughts. The conclusion is that this reflexive spirit with “Utopia” as the core is not only a valuable part of human civilization that both Chinese and Western cultures have in common, but also a favorable condition for realizing a two-way interaction between Eastern and Western cultures.