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美国联邦宪法修正案授予每位公民有限的人身及居所隐私的权利。非法证据排除规则是保证这些宪法修正案能得以实施的具体法律规定。法庭采用证据排除规则有三个主要原因:制止警察违法取证的行为,维持法庭的廉洁性,鼓励国家通过以身作则的方式教导国民遵守法律。与非法证据排除规则相比,内部制裁的方式会阻碍警察和检察官的工作能力,对警察提起损害赔偿之诉效果又不理想。非法证据排除规则是规范警察取证行为、保障公民宪法权利的最佳方式。
The US Federal Constitution Amendment grants each citizen a limited privacy of privacy and privacy. The exclusionary rules of illegal evidence are the specific legal provisions that guarantee the implementation of these constitutional amendments. There are three main reasons for the court to apply the rule of exclusion of evidence: to stop the police from taking the law to obtain evidence, to maintain the integrity of the courts and to encourage the state to teach the people to abide by the law in an exemplary manner. Compared with the rule of exclusionary evidence, the way of internal sanctions will hinder the ability of police and prosecutors to work, and the effect of imposing damages on the police is not satisfactory. The rule of exclusion of illegal evidence is the best way to regulate the behavior of the police to obtain evidence and protect the constitutional rights of citizens.