论文部分内容阅读
露天采矿产生的水土流失、次生地质灾害等生态负效应强度受矿山所处的地理环境控制。金沙江流域露天矿区众多,地形复杂,采矿后产生的生态负效应易受脆弱的地理环境放大,因此对流域内露天矿区进行开采条件的生态适宜性评价,对保护环境具有重要意义。采用RS、GIS等空间技术,在ArcGIS环境下建立了金沙江流域(云南段)露天矿区的空间数据库,以其中的10个典型露天矿区为研究对象,在对比分析了这些露天矿区的地理环境后,选取了地貌、海拔、坡度、植被覆盖度、植被类型及流域位置等作为评价指标,对典型露天矿区进行开采条件的生态适宜性评价。评价方法涉及专家打分、灰色关联法等。研究得出流域内10个典型露天矿的空间分布特征及开采条件的生态适宜性。研究成果为流域内露天矿区资源的合理开发利用及生态保护提供一定的科学依据。
Open-pit mining soil erosion, secondary geological disasters and other ecological negative effect intensity is controlled by the geographical environment in which the mine is located. There are many opencast mining areas in the Jinsha River Basin. Due to the complex terrain, the ecological negative effects caused by the mining are easily amplified by the fragile geographical environment. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect the environment by evaluating the ecological suitability of open pit mining areas in the basin. Using spatial technology such as RS and GIS, the spatial database of the opencast mining area of Jinsha River basin (Yunnan section) was set up under the ArcGIS environment. Taking the 10 typical opencast mining areas as the research object, after comparatively analyzing the geo-environment of these opencast mining areas , Select the topography, elevation, slope, vegetation coverage, vegetation types and basin location as the evaluation index, to evaluate the ecological suitability of mining conditions in a typical open pit mine. Evaluation methods involve expert scoring, gray correlation method and so on. The spatial distribution characteristics and ecological suitability of 10 typical open-cast mines in the basin were studied. The research results provide some scientific basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of resources and ecological protection in the open pit mining area in the basin.