论文部分内容阅读
目的了解黔东南州突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特征,为制订和实施突发公共卫生事件的防控措施提供依据。方法收集2005～2010年黔东南州突发公共卫生事件疫情数据与资料,进行汇总和流行病学特征分析。结果 2005～2010年黔东南州突发公共卫生事件共发生178起,报告发病8708例,死亡24人。其中传染病疫情152起,其他公共卫生事件26起;未分级事件17起,一般事件145起,较大事件13起,重大事件3起;发生在各中、小学校及幼儿园140起;首例病例发生到报出时间平均为10.61d,接到报告到派员处置时间平均为3.28h,事件确认到网络直报时间平均为1.51d,县级疾控中心接到报告到报告州级平均时间为0.74d,流调报告从处置到上报时间平均为3.21d。结论黔东南州突发公共卫生事件以传染病疫情为主,多为一般事件,事件响应速度逐年提高,事件发生后基层报告是关键,学校是突发性公共卫生事件的高发场所,多发生在农村地区,严重影响中小学生的身体健康,应引起教育和卫生部门的重视,提高基层单位对学生传染病病例报告的敏感性和学校突发公共卫生事件调查的及时性应做为今后工作的重点。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Qiandongnan Prefecture and provide evidence for the prevention and control measures of public health emergencies. Methods Data and data of outbreaks of public health emergencies in Qiandongnan Prefecture from 2005 to 2010 were collected and analyzed for summary and epidemiological characteristics. Results A total of 178 public health emergencies occurred in Qiandongnan Prefecture from 2005 to 2010, reporting 8708 cases and 24 deaths. Including 152 epidemics of infectious diseases and 26 other public health incidents; 17 cases of unfractionated cases, 145 cases of general incidents, 13 major incidents and 3 major incidents; 140 cases occurred in all primary and secondary schools and kindergartens; the first case The average time to report the time is 10.61d, the average time for receiving the report to dispatch staff is 3.28h, the average online reporting time is confirmed to be 1.51d, and the average time for the county CDC receiving the report to reporting state is 0.74d, the flow report from the disposal to report an average of 3.21d. Conclusions The outbreak of public health emergency in Qiandongnan prefecture is mainly caused by the epidemic situation of infectious diseases, which is mostly a general event. The response speed of the incident is increasing year by year. The grassroots report is the key issue after the incident. The school is a frequent place where public health emergencies occur frequently. In rural areas, seriously affecting the health of primary and secondary school students should arouse the attention of education and health departments, improve the sensitivity of grass-roots units to cases of student infectious diseases and the timely investigation of school public health emergencies should be the focus of future work .