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目的总结不良反应发生的基本情况及特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法选取医院2014年1月1日-2015年12月31日发生的不良反应报告230例,分析不良反应报告涉及的性别、年龄、给药途径、药品分类、不良反应临床表现等。结果 50岁以上中老年患者发生ADR最高占56.96%,ADR发生率女性高于男性,在所有ADR中以静脉给药最多占81.74%,抗微生物类药物引起的ADR占全部的58.70%,抗微生物类药品中以β-内酰胺类抗生素最多占57.04%,主要药物有哌拉西林他唑巴坦、头孢替安,其次为抗结核药和喹诺酮类,分别占20.74%和18.52%。发生ADR的临床表现以累及皮肤及附件、消化系统占比较大,分别占51.06%、23.35%。结论临床要加强对ADR的重视,合理使用药物,降低ADR的发生,保证患者的用药安全。
Objective To summarize the basic situation and characteristics of adverse reactions and provide references for clinical rational use of drugs. Methods A total of 230 cases of adverse reactions reported in the hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 were selected to analyze the gender, age, route of administration, drug classification and clinical manifestations of adverse reactions. Results The highest incidence of ADR was 56.96% in middle-aged and elderly patients over 50 years old. The incidence of ADR in women was higher than that in men. The highest incidence of ADR was 81.74% in all ADRs and 58.70% in ADRs caused by antimicrobials. Β-lactam antibiotics accounted for a maximum of 57.04%. The main drugs were piperacillin and tazobactam, followed by anti-tuberculosis drugs and quinolones, accounting for 20.74% and 18.52% respectively. Occurrence of clinical manifestations of ADR involving the skin and annex, a larger proportion of the digestive system, accounting for 51.06%, respectively, 23.35%. Conclusion Clinical should pay more attention to ADR, reasonably use drugs, reduce the incidence of ADR and ensure the safety of patients.