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目的掌握丽水市2009~2012年流感流行特征和病原学变化规律,为流感大流行的预测和防控提供科学依据。方法采用Real-time PCR法检测流感病毒核酸,分析辖区内流感流行特征。结果丽水市2009年IL1标本流感核酸检测阳性率为62.37%,以A型H1N1流感为主,占98.31%;2010年阳性率为28.95%,以B型为主要流行株,占61.62%;2011年阳性率为25.39%,以A型H1N1和B型为主要流行株,分别占52.58%和45.36%;2012年阳性率为39.93%,主要流行株为季节性A型H3(占56.88%)和B型(占43.12%),无A型H1N1和季节性A型H1N1流行。剔除2009年新型A型H1N1病毒的影响,丽水市流感主要流行株为季节性A型H3N2和B型,季节性A型H3N2春夏季流行较多,而B型则主要在秋冬季流行。结论丽水市流感的流行有一定的季节性,2009年以新型A型H1N1流感为主,2010~2012年以季节性A型H3N2和B型流感为主。因此应继续加强对流感的病原学监测,及时发现流感病毒变异,对人群进行规范的流感疫苗接种及健康教育,减轻流感的危害。
Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and pathogenic changes of influenza in Lishui City from 2009 to 2012, and provide a scientific basis for the prediction and prevention of influenza pandemic. Methods The real-time PCR method was used to detect the influenza virus nucleic acid, and the prevalence of influenza in the area was analyzed. Results The positive rate of influenza nucleic acid detection in IL1 specimens was 62.37% in 2009 in Lishui City, mainly Influenza A (H1N1) virus, accounting for 98.31%. The positive rate was 28.95% in 2010 and 61.62% in 2011 with B type as the main epidemic strain The positive rate was 25.39%. The main epidemic strains were A type H1N1 and B type, accounting for 52.58% and 45.36% respectively. The positive rate in 2012 was 39.93%. The main epidemic strains were seasonal type A H3 (56.88%) and B Type (43.12%), no A type H1N1 and seasonal A type H1N1 epidemic. Excluding the impact of the 2009 new type A H1N1 virus, the major influenza strains of Lishui City were seasonal type A H3N2 and type B, while seasonal type A H3N2 was more popular in spring and summer, while type B was predominant in autumn and winter. Conclusion The prevalence of influenza in Lishui City has a certain seasonality. In 2009, it was mainly new type A H1N1 influenza, with seasonal type A H3N2 and type B influenza mainly from 2010 to 2012. Therefore, we should continue to strengthen the etiological surveillance of influenza, detect the variation of influenza virus in time, regulate the population for standardized influenza vaccination and health education, and reduce the risk of influenza.