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全世界约有2亿乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)携带者,估计每一名携带者一生中有40％患肝细胞癌的危险性。预防携带HBV取决对传播方式的认识。在远东,围产期感染与母体携带HBV有明显关系,因此得出结论HBV传播是在出生时或出生后。这一结论通过以下的观察而得到明显的支持,即在分娩后立即单独注射乙型肝炎(乙肝)免疫球蛋白(HBIg)或与乙肝疫苗同时注射,似能预防感染。然而,根据对已有证据的错误解释而提出的早期假设,即感染是在子宫内传播,可能已被放弃。
Approximately 200 million carriers of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide make it estimated that every carrier will be at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma in 40% of their lifetime. Prevention of HBV infection depends on the understanding of the mode of transmission. In the Far East, there is a clear relationship between perinatal infection and maternal HBV infection, and concludes that HBV transmission is either at birth or after birth. This finding is clearly supported by the observation that hepatitis B (HBIg) injection alone or concurrently with hepatitis B vaccine seems to prevent infection after delivery. However, based on the earlier hypothesis of misinterpretation of available evidence that infection is transmitted in the uterus, it may have been abandoned.